Cananga odorata
 
Common Names Ylang-Ylang, Perfume Tree, Fragrant Cananga, Macassar Oil Tree
 
Zones 10B–11 (outdoors); Zone 9B with protection or container overwintering
 
Cananga odorata is a fast-growing tropical tree native to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, revered for its intensely fragrant flowers. The drooping, star-shaped blooms yield the legendary ylang-ylang essential oil—one of the most prized ingredients in perfumery, famously featured in Chanel No. 5. Its graceful form, glossy foliage, and year-round bloom make it a standout in tropical gardens and sensory landscapes.
 
Key Features
Growth Habit: Upright to spreading; open crown; fast growth rate
Height: 30–60 ft. in cultivation; up to 80 ft. in native habitat
Trunk: Straight, slender; smooth gray bark; often single-stemmed
Leaves: Simple, alternate; glossy, dark green; 5–8 in. long; wavy margins
Inflorescence: Drooping flowers with six narrow, twisted petals; greenish-yellow to bright yellow; intensely fragrant
Flowering Season: Year-round in tropical climates; peak bloom spring to fall
Fruit: Small, clustered black drupes; not ornamental
Ecology: Attracts moths, bees, and bats; pollinated by night-flying insects; flowers emit strongest scent in evening
 
Growing Conditions
Light: Full sun to light shade
Watering: Moderate; prefers consistent moisture but not soggy soil
Soil: Rich, well-draining loam; slightly acidic to neutral pH
Temperature: 55–95°F (13–35°C); frost-sensitive
Humidity: High humidity preferred; benefits from misting in dry climates
Propagation: Seeds (slow germination); semi-hardwood cuttings; air layering
Tolerance: Moderate drought once established; not salt-tolerant
 
Landscape Use Ideal for tropical borders, fragrance gardens, and large containers. Best placed near patios or walkways to enjoy its evening scent. Pairs beautifully with Brunfelsia grandiflora, Cestrum nocturnum, and Gardenia jasminoides for layered fragrance and bloom.